Which three concepts must architects understand regarding materials and structure?

The understanding of tension, compression, and bending is fundamental for architects as these concepts directly relate to how materials respond to forces and the overall behavior of structures.

Tension refers to the force that pulls materials apart, which is essential for understanding how elements like cables and beams work under loads. Compression is the force that pushes materials together, crucial for understanding how columns and walls bear vertical loads. Bending occurs when a structure is subjected to a load that causes it to curve. This aspect is critical in the design of beams and slabs, as they must be able to resist bending without failing.

By comprehending these three concepts, architects can make informed decisions about material selection, structural integrity, and the overall safety and performance of a building. This understanding enables the design of structures that can effectively manage various loads while serving their intended purpose.