Which of the following elements is NOT considered a fundamental element of architectural design?

In architectural design, fundamental elements are those that form the basis of creating functional and aesthetic spaces. While color is an important aspect of design, it is often considered a secondary element that complements the primary aspects of architectural design, such as form, light, and texture.

Form refers to the shape and structure of a building, which is essential in defining its identity and functional layout. Light is crucial in architecture as it affects how a space is perceived, determines mood, and impacts the visual experience within a built environment. Texture adds depth and tactile quality to surfaces, playing a significant role in the sensory experience of a space.

Conversely, color often varies based on personal and cultural preferences and can be applied more flexibly within the context of materials and finishes rather than being a fundamental aspect of the building's basic design. Thus, while color enriches architectural expression, it does not constitute a foundational element in the same manner as the other options listed.