Which of the following activities is included in the design development phase?

The design development phase is a crucial stage in the architectural design process where initial concepts are refined and detailed before moving to the construction phase. This phase encompasses a variety of activities that contribute to the maturation of the design, making the provided answer encompassing all aspects correct.

Sketching is vital during this phase as it helps in visualizing and refining the design concepts, capturing ideas and adjustments that respond to client feedback and project requirements. Developing schedules is also an essential part of this phase because it involves planning timelines for different phases of the project, ensuring that various stages are synchronized and that deadlines are met. Additionally, client presentations are significant as they serve to communicate the design intent and gather further feedback from the client, allowing for any necessary modifications that align with the client’s vision and expectations.

Overall, the correct answer reflects the comprehensive nature of the design development phase, which incorporates multiple interrelated tasks aimed at creating a cohesive and well-thought-out design before proceeding to construction documentation.