What does 'ecology' refer to in architectural design?

In architectural design, 'ecology' primarily refers to the relationship between people and their environment. This encompasses how buildings interact with their surrounding ecosystems, including the natural resources they consume, the waste they produce, and their overall impact on the climate and natural habitats. An ecologically-focused architectural approach aims to create buildings that not only meet the needs of their occupants but also foster sustainability and harmony within the larger environment.

Understanding this relationship is crucial for architects as it influences design decisions, material selection, energy efficiency, and the integration of green spaces. It encourages designs that promote a symbiotic relationship between human activities and the natural world, leading to structures that can enhance both the quality of life for people and the health of the surrounding ecosystems.