Physical factors impacting architectural design include all of the following EXCEPT:

Building codes play a regulatory role in architectural design rather than serving as a direct physical factor. While they dictate specific legal requirements and standards that structures must adhere to, such as safety, accessibility, and zoning laws, they do not inherently affect the physical environment or conditions around the architecture.

In contrast, factors like winds, sunlight, and landscape directly influence how a building interacts with its environment. Winds can affect the stability and design considerations for structures, while sunlight impacts energy efficiency, heating, and lighting within a space. The landscape contributes to how a building fits within its surroundings, as well as considerations for drainage, views, and natural elements that need to be preserved or incorporated. Thus, among the options listed, building codes are the only factor that does not have a physical impact on architectural design.